今天收到同事发来的一个txt文件，打开之后发现中文乱码，老王首先想到的是文件编码格式的问题，毕竟同事用的是Windows电脑，默认会以GBK编码，而老王的办公电脑是macOS，默认会以UTF-8编码。
本来打算使用vs code修改的，但是怎么调整都不正确。从网上搜索了一下，发现macOS上面可以直接使用iconv命令调整文件编码，本文分享一下。
一、iconv命令
以下是iconv命令的帮助信息：
NAME
iconv - character set conversion
SYNOPSIS
iconv [OPTION...] [-f encoding] [-t encoding] [inputfile ...]
iconv -l
DESCRIPTION
The iconv program converts text from one encoding to another encoding. More precisely, it converts from
the encoding given for the -f option to the encoding given for the -t option. Either of these encodings
defaults to the encoding of the current locale. All the inputfiles are read and converted in turn; if no
inputfile is given, the standard input is used. The converted text is printed to standard output.
The encodings permitted are system dependent. For the libiconv implementation, they are listed in the
iconv_open(3) manual page.
Options controlling the input and output format:
-f encoding, --from-code=encoding
Specifies the encoding of the input.
-t encoding, --to-code=encoding
Specifies the encoding of the output.
Options controlling conversion problems:
-c When this option is given, characters that cannot be converted are silently discarded, instead of
leading to a conversion error.
--unicode-subst=formatstring
When this option is given, Unicode characters that cannot be represented in the target encoding are
replaced with a placeholder string that is constructed from the given formatstring, applied to the
Unicode code point. The formatstring must be a format string in the same format as for the printf
command or the printf() function, taking either no argument or exactly one unsigned integer argu-
ment.
--byte-subst=formatstring
When this option is given, bytes in the input that are not valid in the source encoding are
replaced with a placeholder string that is constructed from the given formatstring, applied to the
byte's value. The formatstring must be a format string in the same format as for the printf command
or the printf() function, taking either no argument or exactly one unsigned integer argument.
--widechar-subst=formatstring
When this option is given, wide characters in the input that are not valid in the source encoding
are replaced with a placeholder string that is constructed from the given formatstring, applied to
the byte's value. The formatstring must be a format string in the same format as for the printf
command or the printf() function, taking either no argument or exactly one unsigned integer argu-
ment.
Options controlling error output:
-s, --silent
When this option is given, error messages about invalid or unconvertible characters are omitted,
but the actual converted text is unaffected.
The iconv -l or iconv --list command lists the names of the supported encodings, in a system dependent
format. For the libiconv implementation, the names are printed in upper case, separated by whitespace, and
alias names of an encoding are listed on the same line as the encoding itself.
EXAMPLES
iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t UTF-8
converts input from the old West-European encoding ISO-8859-1 to Unicode.
iconv -f KOI8-R --byte-subst="<0x%x>"
--unicode-subst="<U+%04X>"
converts input from the old Russian encoding KOI8-R to the locale encoding, substituting an angle
bracket notation with hexadecimal numbers for invalid bytes and for valid but unconvertible charac-
ters.
iconv --list
lists the supported encodings.
SEE ALSO
iconv_open(3)二、单个文件转码
// iconv -f 原编码 -t 新编码 原文件路径 > 新文件路径
iconv -c -f GBK -t UTF-8 上品寒士.txt > 上品寒士UTF8.txt三、多个文件批量转码
find *.txt -exec sh -c "iconv -c -f GB18030 -t UTF8 {} > {}.txt" \;参考：